Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

I. Introduction: Universe - Galaxies - Planetary system - Earth-Moon system - Origin of the Earth-Moon System - Earth-Moon System and the development of life on earth - Earth - Life - Palaeontological aspects - Anthropological aspects - References -- II. Methodology: Introduction - Historical aspects - Accelerating growth of technology - Characteristics of mobile technologies for field use - Smart devices - Circadian rhythm in extreme environments - Fatigue and cognitive performance - Outlook references -- III. Exercise physiology: Introduction - Physical principles - Ergometry - Energy expenditure - Indirect calorimetry - metabolic equivalent and oxygen consumption - Energy efficiency - VO2max - Energy sources and storage - Musculature - Fiber types - Energy and exercise intensity - Lactate threshold - Oxygen supply - Respiration - Blood transport - Cardiac output and blood distribution - Fick's principle - Excess postexercise oxygen consumption - Strength - Training - Sport, Health, and evolutionary aspects - References -- IV. Pressure environment: Hypobaric environment - Introduction - Physiology - Altitude diseases - Hyperbaric environment - History - Gas laws - Comparative physiology - Mammalian diving reflex - Humans in the hyperbaric environment - Diseases related to exposure to the hyperbaric environment - Treatment - References -- V. Desert and tropical environment: Introduction - Thermal balance, ectothermic and endothermic metabolism - Neutral temperature zone - Heat production - Metabolic heat production and metabolic rate - Thermal balance under different physical and environmental eettings - Influencing factors - Methodologies of core body temperature measurement - Basics of heat transfer - Internal heat transfer - External heat transfer - Conduction - Radiation - Evaporation - Thermoregulation - Cardiovascular regulation - Water/Salt homeostasis - Special temperature regulation - Heat production during physical work - Heat loss - Age-Dependent temperature regulation - Adaptation, acclimatization, acclimation, and habituation - Definitions - Special adaptations - Hyperthermia and fever - Hyperthermia - Fever - Thermoregulation and climate - Definitions - Outlook: Global warming and human health - Summary - References -- VI. Cold environments: Introduction - Arctic regions - The yukon arctic ultra - Study design - Results and discussion - Limitations - Antarctic Regions - Introduction - General descriptions - Results and discussion - Limitations - Summary - References -- VII. Space: Introduction - Mission scenarios - Major physiological and medical limitations during long-term spaceflight - Life support systems on ISS - Experience to date - Special medical physiological problems arising from residence in space - Changes in body composition - Cardiovascular system - Muscles and skeletal system - Sensory systems - Diet - Radiation - Psycho-physiological problems arising from residence in space - Countermeasures - Emergency and rescue mission scenarios
- Outlook - References

Human Physiology in Extreme Environments is the one publication that offers how human biology and physiology is affected by extreme environments while highlighting technological innovations that allow us to adapt and regulate environments. Covering a broad range of extreme environments, including high altitude, underwater, tropical climates, and desert and arctic climates as well as space travel, this book will include case studies for practical application. Graduate students, medical students and researchers will find Human Physiology in Extreme Environments an interesting, informative and useful resource for human physiology, environmental physiology and medical studies.